DNA= sequence of bases
Proteins= sequence of a.a |
<--DON'T GET CONFUSED BETWEEN THE TWO
|
NUCLEOTIDES of DNA are made by a CONDENSATION reaction from these 3 components:
- deoxyribose sugar (remember: sugar granules in your tea look like PENTAGON crystals)
- organic base (remember: the base of your car is a RECTANGLE shape)
- phOsphate grp
A combination of ONE of each of these components will make a single nucleotide called a MONONUCLEOTIDE.
The linking of 2 nucleotides makes a DINUCLEOTIDE and linking of MANY nucleotides will make a POLYNUCLEOTIDE.
Things you should know about the 4 bases:
The linking of 2 nucleotides makes a DINUCLEOTIDE and linking of MANY nucleotides will make a POLYNUCLEOTIDE.
Things you should know about the 4 bases:
- A(denine), T(hymine), C(ytosine) and G(uanine)
- A + T and C + G are complementary base pairs. This means that if one strand of the DNA double helix is for e.g A, it will bind to T on the other strand. And the same for C and G.
- A + T bind by 2 H bonds (remember the pointy bases pair)
- C + G bind by 3 H bonds (remember the curvy bases pair)
- A and G are double-ring bases called PURINES (the shorter name has more rings)
- T and C are single-ring bases called PYRIMIDINES (the longer name has the least rings)
The Double Helix
DNA can be thought of as a ladder, where the phosphate and deoxyribose molecules alternate to form the uprights and the bases form the rungs.
The only thing is that in reality the 2 POLYNUCLEOTIDE chains are being twisted.
Function of DNA
It is responsible for passing on hereditary material from cell -->cell, from generation --> generation.
Remember the function of the DNA depends on the sequence of base pairs it has.
Did you know that 50% of your DNA is similar to a bananas? Well, the immense genetic diversity within organisms is due to the billions of base pairs that can be sequenced in an almost infinite variety along the length of the DNA molecule.
Its main functions are:
DNA can be thought of as a ladder, where the phosphate and deoxyribose molecules alternate to form the uprights and the bases form the rungs.
The only thing is that in reality the 2 POLYNUCLEOTIDE chains are being twisted.
Function of DNA
It is responsible for passing on hereditary material from cell -->cell, from generation --> generation.
Remember the function of the DNA depends on the sequence of base pairs it has.
Did you know that 50% of your DNA is similar to a bananas? Well, the immense genetic diversity within organisms is due to the billions of base pairs that can be sequenced in an almost infinite variety along the length of the DNA molecule.
Its main functions are:
- PASS ON genetic material from generation --> generation as it is very STABLE.
- SEPARATE during DNA replication and protein synthesis as its two strands are joined only by WEAK H bonds.
- CARRY an immense amount of genetic info as it is an extremely LARGE molecule (3m long in a single cell).
- PROTECT the base pairs from corruption of outside chemical and physical forces due to the deoxyribose-phosphate BACKBONE.